Cyprien Louis de Canonville Thesis defense will take place on Wednesday, December 14th at 02:00 p.m. in the Pierre Cotton room.
The thesis has been done in two laboratories, the Fresnel Institute and the PIIM, under the direction of Laurent Gallais (Fresnel Institute), Régis Bisson (PIIM) and Marco Minissale (PIIM).
The thesis is entitled: "Optical properties of metals submitted to tokamak conditions" and will be defended in French.
The Jury will be composed of :
Arnaud Bultel, Maître de conférence, Laboratoire CORIA, Rouen (Rapporteur)
Laurent Marot, Chercheur, University of Basel technology and physics department, Suisse (Rapporteur)
Marie France Barthe, Directrice de recherche (CNRS), CEMHTI, Orléans (Examinatrice)
Jean-Laurent Gardarein, Maître de conférence, Laboratoire IUSTI, Marseille (Examinateur)
Laurent Gallais, Professeur, École Centrale de Marseille, France (Directeur)
Régis Bisson, Maître de Conférences, Laboratoire PIIM, Marseille (co-Directeur)
Marco Minissale, Chargé de recherche, Laboratoire PIIM, Marseille (co-Encadrant)
Abstract : Plasma facing materials (PFMs) in tokamaks have to withstand harsh conditions with high ion fluxes and heat loads up to 20 MW /m2 in the tokamak ITER. The interaction of ions and heat loads with PFMs can induce temporary or permanent changes of the optical prop- erties of the materials. Such changes represent a critical issue for nuclear fusion reactors. A poor knowledge of the evolution of PFMs optical properties during plasma operation can lead to misestimate their emissivity and thus to errors in temperature measurements per- formed through optical diagnostics. The proper functioning of such diagnostics therefore seems to depend on a detailed study of the optical properties of metals during interac- tions with ions and heat loads. The aim of this work is to study the optical properties of fusion relevant materials submitted to tokamak conditions (i.e. high temperatures and ion fluxes). We present here experimental measurements of reflectivity in the visible and near-infrared domain performed via a spectroscopic system coupled with laser remote heating for tungsten 316-L stainless steel, and beryllium. In particular, we focus on the role of different physical-chemical parameters, such as roughness, chemical composition, or temperature, on the optical properties of fusion materials. Moreover, models using interferential effects, roughness-induced diffusion and Lorentz-Drude oscillators are used to account for the effect of the physical-chemical parameters on the optical properties. Such models benchmarked against detailed experimental results could provide a way to predict optical properties evolution of fusion materials when submitted to tokamak conditions such as in ITER.
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